CJ 3130
ADMINISTRATION OF CORRECTIONS
3 units
SYLLABUS
Dr. William Bourns See Office Hours on Door
Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice or
Room: 207-B, Classroom Building Leave message on voice mail,
Phone: 209-664-6722 e-mail, or in my mail box in the
E-mail: WBourns@csustan.edu office. I am also available before
and after class.
TEXTS:
Book #1 — Required
Corrections Administration: Cluster Grading Theory and Practice, 2002
Richard P. Seiter, Prentice Hall Publishing, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
Book #2 — Required
ALCATRAZ 1942-1952 From Inside: The Hard Years, 1991
Jim Quillen, Golden Gate National Park Association, San Francisco, California
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
Provides the historical development of institutional programs. Using competing philosophical goals retribution, deterrence, incapacitation, and rehabilitation-various current programs such as probation, parole, diversion, and institutional treatment are contrasted and future trends are projected.
Prerequisite: CJ 2250 or consent of instructor.
PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE:
1. To acquaint pre-entry student with basic correctional administration concepts, prison structure and programs
2. To build simple correctional management skills from introduction to prison management styles and models of prison administration
3. To introduce students to major issues in correctional management.
EXPECTATIONS OF STUDENTS:
GRADING:
Hour Exam I (multiple choice and short answer) 100 points
Hour Exam II (multiple choice and short answer) 100 points
Book Report 100 points
Strategic Plan/Mission Statement/ 100 points
Organizational Chart
Final Exam (essay — in class) 200 points
TOTAL 600 POINTS
GRADE DISTRIBUTION:
Standard Deviation +3 to +2 A
Standard Deviation +2 to +1 B
Standard Deviation +1 to -1 C
Standard Deviation -1 to -2 D
Standard Deviation -2 to -3 F
PLEASE NOTE: Your letter grade for the course is based upon your total accumulation of points. A perfect score would be 600 points. An average score would be half of this or 300 points. Your letter grade will not be known until the final class points mean is computed and then placed into a grade curve (based upon standard deviation units). Remember: You will not get letter grades during the course (you accumulate points). The plus and minus grading option will not be used in this course.
STRATEGIC PLAN — MISSION STATEMENT — ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
You are to secure either by writing to a prison, acquiring from a friend or relative that works in a prison, or find in another textbook (not your textbook for this class), a copy of the Mission Statement and an organization chart for the prison you have chosen. If you cannot find an existing mission statement, you may write one for the prison you have chosen.
You are to write a 3 page strategic plan for your prison. Chapter 3 in the Seiter text gives directions and examples (please follow). Together with your 3 page strategic plan you are to hand in a mission statement (one paragraph) and a one page organizational chart. Points will be deducted for late papers. 100 points (see grading).
MAKE-UP EXAMS:
With appropriate documentation, such as any of the following, a student may take a missed hour exam:
A. Notice of death or funeral home program card for immediate family (father, mother, sister(s), brother(s) or grandparent(s).
B. Upon appropriate documentation of illness (doctor’s note or hospital document).
C. Military service or having to work in a criminal justice capacity and upon presentation of military orders or a note from your criminal justice agency letterhead stating you had to work and signed by your supervisor or superior.
D. All other emergencies (such as your children) or other factors that caused you to miss an hour exam will be evaluated and judged by the instructor as to the permission of a student to take a missed hour examination. All these events will require some form of documentation.
ELECTRONIC DEVICES:
Please turn off all cell phones and pagers during class.
PLAGIARISM:
All perspective criminal justice students fall under a Code of Ethics. For future police officers the IACP (International Chiefs of Police) has a code and for juvenile and corrections the American Correctional Association (ACA) has one. Sociologists also have a well-developed code of ethics. Plagiarism violations (the incorporation of another’s work into your own without citation of the source) are part of these codes. When you apply to work in the criminal justice system, pre-investigators do a background check including talking with your criminal justice professors. Don’t be caught plagiarizing. Plagiarism is a violation of the student code of ethics. If in doubt, cite the source(s).
ATTENDANCE:
Good scholars are good class attendees. Much of the material on exams is from class lectures and not in your book(s). Classroom attendance and class participation can help to make the difference from a marginal grade moved upwards toward a better grade. Students are expected to attend 80% of all classes. Students who miss 4 or more classes on a Tuesday-Thursday schedule or who miss 6 or more classes on a Monday-Wednesday-Friday schedule will have their grade lowered.
CLASS TOPICS BY TEACHING UNITS
Unit #1 — Introduction/Requirements/What is Corrections Administration
Corrections
Prisoners or Inmates?
Jails v. Prisons
Maricopa County Jail -"Tent City"
Types of Institutions
Institutional Based
Community Based
Terms and Definitions
Felony
Misdemeanor
Difference Between Jail and Prison
Determinate Sentencing (England)
Indeterminate Sentencing (America)
Convicted
Incarceration - - Being Imprisoned
Recidivism
Revolving Door Syndrome
Unit#2 Prison Staff and Basic Chain of Command
Chain of Command — Upper-Middle Level-Lower Level
Line and Staff
Organizational Chart
Warden — Keeper of the Keys
Superintendent
Sergeants and Correctional Officers (Guards)
Prison Functional Units (Know Basic Units)
Big House — Yards — Walls
Shift Work
Prison Structure Stability — Routine and Order
Unit #3 Early Prison Roots in England:
Early Criminologist and Bridewell House
Milan House of Corrections — Italy
Bridewell House — England
"Less-Eligibility"
Cesare Beccaria
Cesare Lombrose — Father of Criminology
Emile Durkheim
Stocks
John Howard — Jailer and Reform
Jeremy Bentham
Prison Ships
Australia — The Penal Colony
Unit #4 Newgate Prison and Old Bailey
Old Newgate and the Copper Mine
London’s Famous Newgate
Newgate Architecture
Old Bailey Court Room
Public Hanging at Newgate
Elizabeth Gurney Fry
Unit #5 Eastern Penitentiary versus Auburn Prison
Walnut Street Jail — Philadelphia
Eastern Penitentiary — Pennsylvania 1829
Philadelphia Society for Alleviating The Miseries of Public Prison
American Correctional Association (ACA)
"Solitude with God" — Quaker Philosophy
EASTERN Penitentiary — Solitary Confinement
Labor in Cell
"Let the Doors be Made of Iron"
Auburn Prison — New York 1816-1821
"Congregate" System
Auburn Design — Tiers and Cell Rows — "Runs"
Auburn Shuffle — Lock Step
Eastern versus Auburn
"The Hole"
Southern Prisons
Hoe Line
Chain Gang
"Cool Hand Luke": "What We Have Here is a Failure to Communicate."
Unit #6 Elimira — American Prison Reform
Elimira Reformatory
Trade-School-Marching Band-School of Letters
Zebulon Brockway
Parole (Formal) Started at Elimira
Industrial Prisons
Contract Labor
Work Crews and Crop Labor
Prison Farms
Lease System
License Plates
Unions — Fear of Cheap labor
Prison Industry Today
Wages for Prisoners
Unit #7 States of American Prison Development
Punishment
Deterrence
Incapacitation
Rehabilitation
Prison Eras
Penitentiary Era 1790
Congregate Era 1825
Reformatory Era 1876
Industrial Era 1890
Punitive Era 1935
Treatment Era 1945
Community-Based Era 1967
Warehousing Era 1980
Just Desserts Era 2000
Prison Abolitionists
ACLU — American Civil Liberties Union & Prisoners
Recidivism Rules
Return Failures
"Modern" American Prisons
The Criminal Justice Funnel
Race-Sex-Age-Education Characteristics
Trends in Locking-up Serious Offenders
Prisoners by Crime Committed
Public Opinion — Turn to The Right (Conservative)
Unit #8 Prison Design
Super Max
Maximum
Medium
Minimum
Rotunda or Hub Style
Victorian Fortress Style
Cell Blocks
Razor and Barbed Wire
Auburn "U" Style
Eastern Penitentiary "Starfish" Style
Telephone Pole Style
Pods and Modules Style
Campus Style
Super-MAX — airport, "Watch-Tower" Style
Unit #9 Prison Locations
Federal Prison Locations
State Prison Locations
California Prisons and Correctional Institutions
Death Row Prisoners by States
Unit #10 Prison Population and Bed Space
Prison Growth
Prisoners in 2000
Demographic Characteristics
Southern States and Populations
Death Row Population
Trends in Incarceration Rates
International Incarceration Rates "America Wins"
Unit #11 Prison Cell Footage
American Bathrooms after WWII - - 120 Square Feet
60 Square Feet ACA
Double Celling
Unit #12 Release from Prison
Check (Where to Cash it?)
Street Clothes/New Suits
Bus Ticket
Unit #13 Basic Management of Corrections
Chain of Command
Line-Staff-Auxiliary Functions
Authority — Paramilitary versus Shared
Responsibility
Delegation (of Authority)
Power and Authority
Unity of Command
Span of Control
POSDCORB
Leadership versus Administration (administrator)
Supervision
Leadership and Empowerment
Transactional Leadership
"Power With" NOT "Power Over"
Unit #14 Human Resource Personal Management for Corrections
The Hiring Process
Rule of Three
Growth in Corrections
Correctional Staff-Importance
What Do Correctional Officers Do
Guards
Case Workers
Probation or Parole Officers
Community Residential Staff
Diversity
Professionalism — Code of Conduct
Professional Development
Problems of Retention
Performance Appraisals — Staff Evaluations
Disciplining Staff
Collective Bargaining — Unionization
Grievance Procedure
Seniority
Unit #15 American "Infamous" Institutions
Leavenworth Federal Prison — Kansas
Sing-Sing Prison — New York
San Quentin Prison — California
Corcoran State Prison — California
Guard Sport "Let’s Get Ready to Rumble"
Richard Caruso — Whistle Blower
Isolation and Madness at Pelican Bay
Unit #16 The Rock: Alcatraz
San Francisco’s Most Noted Tourist Attraction
Inside Alcatraz
Former Inmates and their Books on Alcatraz
Jim Quillen: Alcatraz From Inside: The Hard Years 1942-1952
Unit #17 Private Prisons
Corrections Corporation of America
Wackerhut Corrections Corporation
Pricor Inc Contracting Out
Constitutional Concerns and Problems with Private Prisons
Unit #18 Classification and Intake Into Prison
Sentencing
Determinate Sentencing
Indeterminate Sentencing
Mitigating Factors
Aggravating Factors
Federal Schedule of Sentencing
Classification Typologies
Risk Assessment
Violence and Threat Levels
Intake
De-loucing and "De-humanization"
The "Mell-Out" — "Chill-Out" Aging Process
Unit #19 Prison Day-To-Day Operations
Guard — "Bulls" — "Go Home at Night"
Officer Code
Guard Control Over Inmates
Rise and Shine — Bathroom
Eating Schedules and Menus
The yard
Prison Stages of Attitude and Behavior Change
Prison Society "Pecking Order"
Good Time Points
Shake Downs: Knives and Shieves
Lock Down
Punishment for Misconduct
Prison Furloughs
Rape in Prison
Death of Prisoners
AIDS
Prisoner Rights
Improving Prisons
Unit #20 Life Inside Prison
Routines
Prison "Argot" Language
Fish
Wolves — Gorillas
Punks
Fags —He/She’s
Pigeons
Merchant
Snap Shots of Prison Life
Things Missed Most in Prison
Where Prison Population is Located in Prison
Prison Magazine
Unit #21 Prison Gangs
Larry "King" Hoover: Chairman of the Board
Chicago Gangster Disciples
Illinois Prison Gangs: People Alliance vs. Folk Alliance
Crips and Bloods
Texas Syndicate
The Mexican Mafia (Mexikanemi)
Gang Control in Prison
Things That Didn’t Work, Things That Did Work With Gangs in Prison
Strategies to Control Prison Gangs
Unit #22 Prison Programs
Alcohol — Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
Drug Treatment
Education — GED — College
Vo-Technical
Rapist Therapy
Counseling and Group Therapy
Unit #23 Boot Camps
Shock Treatment
Military Reguantation/Discipline/Exercise
Cost Effective
Recidivism Effective
Boot Camp Program Components
Boot Camp Punishment and Discipline
Female Boot Camps
Juvenile Boot Camps
Scared Straight: The Rahway Prison Experiment
The Maury Show: TV Boot Camps
After Care For Boot Camp Programs
MTV and Scared Straight: Do They "Scare" Into Good Behavior?"
Unit #24 Females and Female Prisons
Characteristics of Female Prisons
Women Crimes
Female "Pretend" Families
Prostitutes Go to Beautician School — Job Skills For Women in Prison
Unit #25 Elderly Prisoners
The "Graying" of Prisoners
There are No Elevators in Prison — Facilities
Long-Term Health-Care: Triple-Bypass Surgery
Nursing Homes in Prisons
ADA (American With Disabilities Act)
Unit #26 Prisoner Punishment
Whipping
Isolation — "The Hole"
Segregation
Protective Custody
The "American Reform" of European Punishment
Unit #27 Prison Riots
Conditions
Prisoner Demands
ATTIC Riot— New York 1971
New Mexico Riot 1980
ATTIC Uprising and Governor Rockefeller’s Response
Unit #28 Creating a Vision, Mission Statement and Strategic Plan
Strategic Plan
Goals
Objectives
Mission and Mission Statements
Vision and Transactional Leadership
Organizational Culture
Organizational Environment
Strategic Types of Plans
Gant Charting
PERT Charting
Strategic Planning "Road Mapping"
Scanning and Trend Analysis
Planning Process
The Strategic Management Triangle
Unit #29 Supervising
The Supervisory Role
Task Orientation
People Orientation
Traits and Behaviors of Supervisors/Leaders
Communicating
Information Sharing
Mentoring and Coaching
Feedback
Empowering Employees
Contingency Leadership and Supervision
Unit #30 Confronting Correctional Costs
Budget Process
Expenditures and Revenue
Types of Budgets
Cost Reduction Programs
Boot Camp
Community Corrections
Probation
Technology Assistance
Privatizing Corrections
FALL 2002
TENTATIVE CLASS SCHEDULE AND TENTATIVE EXAM SCHEDULE
Thurs Sept 05 Introduction/Requirements/Unit #1
Reading: Seiter: Chapt 1
Tues Sept 10 Unit #2 and Unit #3
Reading: Seiter: Chapt 2
Thurs Sept 12 Unit #2 and Unit #3
Reading Lecture
Tues Sept 17 Unit #5
Lecture
Thurs Sept 19 Unit #6
Lecture
Tues Sept 24 Unit #7
Reading: Seiter: Chapt 4
Thurs Sept 26 Unit #8 and Unit #9
Lecture
Tues Oct 01 Unit #10
Lecture
Thurs Oct 03 Unit #11 and Unit #12
Lecture
Tues Oct 8 HOUR EXAM I (TENTATIVE) CHAPTERS 1,2, 4, AND LECTURE
BOOK REPORT DUE
Thurs Oct 10 Unit #13
Reading: Seiter: Chapt 7
Tues Oct 15 Unit #13 (cont.) and Unit #14
Reading: Seiter: Chapts 11 and 13
Thurs Oct 17 Unit #15 and Unit #16
Lecture
Tues Oct 22 Unit #16
Lecture
Thurs Oct 24 Unit #17
Reading:Seiter: Chapt 15 (pp. 452-462)
Tues Oct 29 Unit #18 and Unit #19
Reading: Seiter: Chapts 6 and 8
Thurs Oct 31 Unit #19 (continued) and Unit #20
Lecture
Tues Nov 05 Unit #20 (continued)
Reading: Seiter: Chapt 8
Thurs Nov 07 Unit #21 and Unit #22
Reading: Seiter: Chapt 10
Tues Nov 12 Unit #22 (continued)
Reading: Seiter: Chapt 5
Thurs Nov 14 Unit #23
Lecture
Tues Nov 19 Unit #24 and Unit #25
Reading: Seiter: Chapt 14
Thurs Nov 21 Unit#26 and Unit #27
Reading: Seiter: Chapt 9
Tues Nov 26 HOUR EXAM II (TENTATIVE)
CHPTS 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13 AND 14
Thurs Nov 28 THANKSGIVING RECESS — NO CLASS
Tues Dec 03 Unit #28 and Unit #29
STRATEGIC PLAN/MISSION STATEMENT/ORG. Chart DUE
Reading: Seiter: Chpts 3 and 12
Thurs Dec 05 Unit #30
Reading: Seiter: Chpt 15
FINAL EXAMINATION DURING FINALS WEEK